In April 1968 Prague, surrounded by the political enthusiasm for reformation, a symposium titled "Human Beings and Society on the Scientific-Technological Revolution," to which scholars from all over the world were invited, was held. The concept of "the Scientific-Technological Revolution," created around the 1955 Soviet Union, was too broad and vague, but we can say it corresponds to the field of STS in the later years. The only Asian attendance of this international congress was SHIBATA Shingo (1930–2000), a famous Marxist philosopher. He gave a brief report on a journal "Keizai Hyoron (Economic Review)" half a year later, and it was a comprehensive introduction of this concept to the Japanese readers' community. A few years later, in 1974, an anthology titled "The Modern Scientific-technological Revolution", edited and published in the Soviet Union, was translated into Japanese. So, along with the orthodox works in the field of the philosophy of science like Popper's or Kuhun's, intellectual tendencies in the "Eastern bloc" countries were also quickly imported into Japan at that time. The author intends to clarify what the Japanese intellectuals' purpose for their introduction and discussion of this newly established concept was.

From the Bolshevik Revolution onward, Russian leaders developed both an affinity and aversion to Western technological transfer and expertise. From the 1920s, Lenin and other leaders were fascinated by Taylorism and Fordism, and the organizational elements of Western factory and labor efficiency. By the late 1920s and early 1930s, Stalin allowed Western experts to work on the Moscow Metro (from Britain), accepted German escalator technology from the Siemen Corporation, and in showcase cities such as Magnitogorsk, German and American engineers came to the USSR to work side by side with Soviets. However, after a series of ‘crises,’ many experts were forced to leave, and a type of new pendulum process began. That is a temporary opening during the Second World War, with even medical experts visiting and sharing ideas back and forth in Moscow and then Washington, was followed by a period of anti-cosmopolitanism and tension at the end of the Stalin era (1945-53). This process continued into the 1960s and 1970s as West and East exchanged ideas, methods of agriculture (hybridization of corn) and eventually worked cooperatively in outer space after the beginning of the space race, only to close the osmotic pathways after various cold war tensions occurred (i.e. U-2 Spying Incident). This paper will argue that this diastolic/systolic process defined this tense relationship technologically as the pendulum swung back and forth decade after decade. Furthermore, it oscillated, so to speak, between borrowings, competition & tension, as well as cooperation