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I01 | 039 ICOHTEC

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St David - Theatre
Wednesday, July 2, 2025
1:30 PM - 3:00 PM
St David, Theatre

Overview


Symposium talk


Lead presenting author(s)

Helene Maria Eisl
Prae-doc
Universität Wien

Strategies of Collaboration: The (Print)making of the Postcards of the Wiener Werkstätte

Abstract - Symposia paper

The postcards of the Wiener Werkstätte, known to date, were produced between 1907 and 1919/20, with this production outsourced to Viennese printing workshops. The artists behind these postcards (such as Oskar Kokoschka, Mela Köhler, Bertold Löffler, Susi Singer, etc.) are, in most cases, well-known and researched to this day—quite the opposite of the specific production processes (printing techniques) and the executing printers and craftsmen responsible for the high-quality manufacturing.
In my paper, I will present research findings on the printing techniques and workshops used, derived from the analysis of over 30 original postcards from the Wiener Werkstätte. The research demonstrates a notable local expertise in printing technology in Vienna around 1900, where artists and workshops had to collaborate to produce postcards of the highest quality, aiming to make them accessible to a broader audience at affordable prices.
The technical sophistication of these postcards is evident in various aspects, including the complex coloration (e.g. multicolored lithographs) and the concept of modularly usable motifs. This approach facilitated the creation of postcards for different occasions and/or a multilingual market. This case study underscores the significance of invisible craftsmen (printers, lithographers, etc.) upon whom the Wiener Werkstätte depended.
Jørgen Burchardt
senior researcher
Middelfart Museum

Accelerating the Anthropocene: A socio-administrative exploration of patent systems and AI impact

Abstract - Symposia paper

This paper examines the Anthropocene concept, tracing Earth's transformation since the late 1800s in response to climate change (Crutzen and Stoermer 2000), and with a Stage 2, the Great Acceleration from 1945, marked by substantial growth in population, oil consumption, and resource utilization (Will Steffen et al. 2004).
This study delves into the societal structures and occupational administration that facilitated this evolution, with a specific emphasis on the pivotal role played by global patent systems in the economy. The strategic utilization of AI technology is explored as a potential catalyst for further enhancing innovative activities supported by patent systems (Alderucci and Sicker 2019).
The paper unfolds in five sections:
1) Patent Examiners' Work: Central to the evaluation of patent suggestions, examiners conducting intensive searches in registers.
2) The Paper Constipation (1965-1990): Despite a surge in the world’s production statistics, the issuance of patents remained nearly stagnant.
3) Establishing Digital Databases: Patents transitioned to registration in digital databases at public patent offices and private companies.
4) Establishing Digital Networks: Access to databases at bodies like WIPO and EPO.
5) New Tools: Artificial Intelligence: An exploration of tools used at patent offices, coupled with a discussion on improved productivity, anticipates the influence of artificial intelligence in further accelerating the Anthropocene.
The methodology involves providing a historical framework for the development of administrative tools from 1965 to 2024.
Dr Lu Cheng
Assistant Professor
Hubei Academy of Social Sciences

Diseases and Medical Practice in Hankou China from the Perspective of Western Doctors in the late 19th Century

Abstract - Symposia paper

This paper describes the state of disease in Hankou, a city in central China, from the perspective of Western doctors who came to China in late 19th century, and how they developed their medical practices in Hankou from the standpoints of the "other" and the "local". Beginning in the 1860s, some Western doctors such as the customs medical officer Arthur Reid, medical missionary Frederick Smith arrived in Hankou to carry out medical work. On the one hand, they discovered the relationship between epidemics such as malaria and scabies and the hygiene environment of Hankou from the perspective of colonial medicine, revealing the adverse effects of Hankou's climate, water and soil, drainage system, and people's living habits on hygiene. On the other hand, they compared and analyzed Hankou with other regions of China and Europe from a regional comparison perspective, recognizing that diseases are endemic. At the same time, in terms of medical practice, Hankow Western medical hospitals which were in connection with the London missionary society and the Wesleyan missionary society have the characteristics of treating diseases and preaching simultaneously. And Western doctors had localized adjustments in drug types and doses. I suggest that they constructed a network of medical circulation across regions and countries during their work in Hankou, it deepening our understanding of the local society in China in the late 19th century, as well as the paths of overseas medical practice of the European medical community at that time.
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Prof Slawomir Lotysz
Institute for the History of Science of the Polish Academy of Sciences

Broadcasting wellness. Raising health awareness through radio.

Abstract - Symposia paper

Since its invention, radio has often been used in the struggle to improve public health. Ships arriving in ports could send radio reports on the health of crew and passengers, facilitating procedures if quarantine was necessary. Similarly, port physicians could consult on cases of illness on board if the on-board staff were unable to help. Finally, the League of Nations Health Organisation received epidemiological radio reports from stations scattered around the world. But perhaps most importantly, radio was used to communicate health knowledge to the general public in an accessible way and to raise awareness of health issues. Such programmes had been broadcast in the United States since the 1920s. They took the form of radio shows and were so popular with listeners that their contents were printed as books, while the scripts of each episode were made available to other radio stations around the country.
In my presentation, I will discuss the origins of the concept of using radio for health promotion in the United States. Using the example of the 1936 attempt by the authorities to censor episodes on the prevention of venereal disease, I will discuss the dichotomy between moral conservatism and technological progress as one of the obstacles to improving public health. Finally, I will analyse how the model developed for a largely urban, affluent urban society has led to the emergence of alternative health education strategies in less affluent countries, particularly for remote rural areas, which help to respond to ongoing public health challenges.
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